Which part of the skull protects the brain?

The cranium is the part of the skull that serves the essential function of protecting the brain. It is a robust structure composed of several bones that form a protective enclosure around the brain, effectively safeguarding it from physical impacts and injuries. The cranium ensures that the sensitive neural tissues of the brain are shielded from external forces, thereby playing a critical role in maintaining the overall health and functionality of the central nervous system.

In contrast, the mandible, zygomatic arch, and maxilla are all components of the facial skeleton. The mandible, or lower jaw, is involved in chewing and articulating sounds but does not provide protection to the brain. The zygomatic arch, which contributes to the cheekbone structure, and the maxilla, or upper jawbone, also do not serve a protective function for the brain. Instead, they support facial structure and assist in functions such as eating and formation of facial features. Thus, of all the options provided, the cranium stands out as the specific region responsible for safeguarding the brain.