Which hominin is believed to have made the first substantial tools by chipping stones?

The belief that Homo habilis was the first to create substantial tools by chipping stones is supported by archaeological evidence associated with this species. Homo habilis, which lived approximately 2.4 to 1.4 million years ago, is recognized as the first member of the genus Homo. The tools attributed to this species are known as Oldowan tools, which include simple stone flakes and cores that were likely used for cutting and processing food.

Homo habilis' adaptations, such as a larger brain size compared to earlier hominins and a more dexterous hand, facilitated the production of these tools. This innovation marks a significant advancement in hominin culture and is a key point in understanding the evolution of human technology and behavior. The ability to make and use tools is considered one of the defining characteristics of the Homo genus and a critical step in human evolution, indicating an increase in cognitive abilities and problem-solving skills.

In contrast, other hominins like Homo neanderthalensis and Homo erectus did create tools, but they came later in the evolutionary timeline and developed more complex toolkits. Australopithecus afarensis, while an important early ancestor, lacked the same level of tool-making capabilities as Homo habilis and primarily used natural tools