What is the name of the tool culture associated with Neanderthals?

The Mousterian tool culture is specifically associated with Neanderthals and their time period, approximately 300,000 to 30,000 years ago. This culture is characterized by the production of a diverse range of stone tools, primarily made from flint, and includes various types such as scrapers, points, and blades.

Mousterian tools were made using the Levallois technique, which involved preparing a core stone to produce uniformly shaped debitage, reflecting higher levels of cognitive ability and dexterity among Neanderthals. This tool culture is significant because it demonstrates the adaptability and resourcefulness of Neanderthals in different environments, showcasing their hunting strategies and ability to process various materials.

The other tool cultures mentioned, such as Acheulian, Oldowan, and Upper Palaeolithic, are associated with different periods and hominin species, making them less relevant when specifically discussing Neanderthals. The Acheulian is linked to early Homo species, particularly Homo erectus, while the Oldowan is the earliest known stone tool culture associated with Homo habilis. The Upper Palaeolithic period is characterized by more advanced tools and art, attributed mainly to anatomically modern humans.