What is a key benefit of using genetic data in studying ancient human populations?

Using genetic data in studying ancient human populations provides valuable insights into migration patterns and adaptations. This approach allows researchers to trace lineage and genetic relationships, revealing how ancient populations moved across different geographic areas and adapted to various environments over time. By analyzing genetic markers, scientists can reconstruct the history of human populations, including when and where they migrated, which can correlate with archaeological and environmental evidence.

Moreover, genetic data can illustrate how populations interacted with one another and how they adapted genetically to their surroundings—themes that are essential to understanding human evolution. This kind of information is particularly useful in demonstrating the effects of migration on genetic diversity and the selective pressures that may have influenced adaptation in different environments.