Describe Neanderthals in the context of human evolution.

Neanderthals are indeed considered ancient hominins characterized by robust physical features. They had a stocky build, strong musculature, and distinct traits such as a prominent brow ridge and a wider pelvis, which were adaptations to cold environments. They lived in Eurasia from about 400,000 to as recently as 30,000 years ago and played a significant role in the understanding of human evolution.

Their robust nature is not just about physical strength; it also reflects their adaptation to the environments they lived in, which often included colder climates. Research has also shown that they had a complex culture, including the use of tools, control of fire, and potentially engaging in social behaviors, which would influence future human populations.

Understanding Neanderthals helps clarify the narrative of human evolution, especially regarding the interactions and potential interbreeding between Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans, influencing the genetic makeup of contemporary populations.